intro to fundamentals of programing with c++

introduction:

C++ is a programming language known for its fast speed, low level memory management and is often taught as first programming language.

• C++ is used in making operating systems, embedded systems, graphical user interfaces and nowadays in High Frequency Trading (HFT) systems.
• Supports both low-level and high-level features such as manual memory management and Object Oriented Programming respectively.
• Syntax similarity with C, Java, and C# makes it easier to switch languages.
• Provides one of the fastest execution speeds among high level languages, which can be a deciding factor in Competitive Programming or high-performance applications.
  
  

 In C++, a variable is a named storage location in computer memory used to hold a value. This value can be accessed and modified throughout the program's execution.

Here are the key characteristics of variables in C++:

• Named Memory Location: 

  Variables provide a symbolic name (an identifier) to a specific location in memory where data is stored. This allows you to refer to and manipulate the data using a meaningful name instead of a memory address.
• Data Type: 

  Every variable must have a data type (e.g., int for integers, double for floating-point numbers, char for characters, bool for boolean values). The data type determines the kind of values the variable can store and the amount of memory allocated for it.
• Value Storage: 

  Variables store data according to their declared data type. For example, an int variable can store whole numbers, while a double variable can store numbers with decimal points.
• Modifiable: 

  The value stored in a variable can be changed during the program's execution. This is a fundamental aspect of variables, as it allows programs to process dynamic data. 
• Declaration and Initialization: 

  Before using a variable, it must be declared, specifying its data type and name. It can also be initialized at the time of declaration, assigning an initial value.
• what is variable in ++c: 

  Variables are containers for storing data values. In C++, there are different types of variables (defined with different keywords), for example: int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123.
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  what is library in ++c: A C++ library consists of one or more header files and an object library. The header files provide class and other definitions needed to access the library functions. The object library provides compiled functions and data that are linked with your program to produce an executable program
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